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Question:
Why Sir Syed Khan rightly be called “the Father of Pakistan Movement”?

Answer:
Introductory Note:
The necessity of reformation is when the downfall happens in the course of time and place. But the reformation is not meant to bring something new. The responsibility is bringing the community back to a proper and strong path. In the 19th century, Sir Syed Ahmad khan was that: who was the guiding lights of the Muslims community- when Muslims were treated as second- class citizens by the British and the Hindus. Sir Syed was extremely unhappy about the position of the Muslims in the sub-continent, especially after the War of Independence 1857.
Sir Syed believed that the Muslim community had to accept the British rulers, British ideas and to take advantage of a British education. Sir Syed wanted to see the Muslims united and prospering. He, therefore, laid great emphasis on the need to bring about improved in educational, economic and social conditions of Muslims.

Sir Syed Ahmad khan’s work:
Sir Syed wanted to see the Muslims united and prospering. He wanted to see an improvement in their economic, social, political and religious fortunes. He made this ambition his life’s work and, because so much of his effort revolved around a ‘Muslim Renaissance’ taking place in Aligarh, he is said to have founded the ‘The Aligarh Movement’.
The main objectives of the Aligarh Movement by Sir Syed are given below:

• To create an atmosphere of mutual understanding between the British government and the Muslims.

• To stimulate them to learn English as well as British education.

• To restrain Muslims from Political activities.

• To produce an intellectual class from amongst the Muslim community.

• To bring social and cultural reforms amongst the Muslim community.

I. Educational reforms by Sir Syed:
Sir Syed Ahmad khan realized the miserable condition of Muslims due to a lack of knowledge and education. Therefore, he launched an educational system through the platform of the Aligarh Movement. In education, he emphasized the importance of combining Western knowledge with Islamic values and with a view to providing such instruction to his people, founded the Mohammad Anglo-Oriental College at Aligarh. In 1859, Sir Syed set up a school for Muslims in Murad-Abad and in 1862; he transferred to Ghazipur where he established another school for Muslims.
In 1864, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan laid the foundation of a scientific society at Ghazipur. The purpose of this society was to translate the English books into the Urdu language. In 1866, the scientific issued a journal ‘Aligarh Institute Gazette’, which aim was to class the misconception between Muslims and the British government. This gazette was published both in Urdu and English languages.
In 1886, Sir Syed established the ‘Mohammadan Educational Conference’ which presented a twelve-point program in Western and religious education in English and other languages. The conference in its meeting discussed the modern techniques for the development and improvement of the education system and standard.

II. Improving Relations between the British and Muslim community:
Sir Syed believed that the position of Muslims in the subcontinent could be improved if relations with the British were improved and Muslims joined higher-quality education.
In 1860, Sir Syed wrote the Loyal Mohammadens of India. In this work, he defends the Muslims from the British accusation that they were disloyal. He gave a detailed account of the loyal services which Muslims had given. At the same time, he called on the British to end their hostility toward the Muslim community. Therefore, he wrote a pamphlet in 1857. This pamphlet was circulated free amongst the British officials in India and was also sent to members on Parliament in England.

III. Political Services of Sir Syed:
Sir Syed in his magazine, “Causes of Indian Revolt” made it class that Hindus, Muslims, and English were equally responsible for that revolt.
He also advised Muslims to stay away from politics for the time being because he knew that Muslims were not good in Education. In 1867, with the Urdu-Hindi controversy, Sir Syed became suspicious of Hindus and said that it was not now possible for Muslims and Hindus to go along together.
So through his political services, we may say that he evoked the status of Muslims and that’s why he is known as ‘Father of Pakistan Movements’.
Sir Syed’s belief that Congress was working in the interest of Hindus, and in a way that was harmful to the Muslim community, led him to refuse to attend its meeting. Instead, he organized an alternative body called the United Patriotic Alliance.

Critical Analysis:
In the light of the above discussion, we are forced to critically evaluate that right from the beginning, Sir Syed was very clear in his mind about the separate identity of Muslims and that of their culture. He played an important role in improving the status of the Muslim community in the subcontinent. He worked tirelessly to restore relations with the British when many British were of the opinion that Muslims were disloyal and untrustworthy. He convinced the British to see the Muslims in a new light.
Sir Syed played a major part in bringing about a Muslim survival, largely through the work of the Aligarh Movement. Muslims came to value education as a means of self-improvement. This movement also led to various kinds of social and religious reforms. Sir Syed emphasized the thread to Muslims and developed his ‘Two Nation Theory. Once Muslims came to accept the wisdom of this theory, it was only a small step to call for partition. For this reason, Sir Syed Ahmad Khan can rightly be called the “Father of Pakistan Movement”.

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• This topic was modified 5 years, 1 month ago by  eman.

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